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Representation in International Organizations: Size and Composition of National Delegations
Vlček, Václav ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee) ; Sommerer, Thomas (referee)
In general, states and their governments make decisions in international politics and international organizations. However, the states are, in fact, represented by people. How many and who are they? This dissertation thesis deals with state representation in international organizations. In particular, it studies the size and composition of national delegations to plenary meetings of international organizations. From the theoretical perspective, the thesis builds on rationalist assumptions and tests established theories in the field. As for the causes of the various delegation sizes, the thesis hypothesizes 1) various institutional power, 2) different economic resources, 3) various intensity of national interests, 4) different levels of government effectiveness, and 5) different domestic political regimes. Next, the theoretical framework explains the various delegation composition by 1) different intensity of the national preferences, 2) different levels of government effectiveness, and 3) different domestic political regimes. From the methodological perspective, the thesis builds on an extensive statistical analysis using a unique quantitative dataset across seventeen international organizations and the UN General Assembly sessions from 1993 to 2016. The delegation composition is operationalized in...
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Character of nuclear energy in European Union - history and present
Koryčanský, Roman ; Šen, Hugo (referee) ; Martinec, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis deals with the development and current status of nuclear energy in Europe. The first part focuses on the legislative background in the EU – The Euratom treaty. Next, the thesis describes the history of European companies that are engaged in nuclear energy, in particular the French company AREVA. The largest part of the thesis deals with the relationship of nuclear energy and public opinion, and focuses on the status of nuclear energy in selected countries and the attitudes of environmental organizations. This section also includes a description of the history of the most serious accidents. The conclusion focuses on the economic aspects of nuclear energy and its future.
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Problematika potratů v Polsku
Medková, Gabriela
This Bachelor thesis deals with the issue of abortions in Poland. Primarily it focuses on anti-abortion legislation and public discourse. The main aim of the work is to analyse development of abortions laws in Poland and also major actors of this issue. Attention is mainly paid to the most current abortion legislation and the reactions which caused in society. Next it shows the connection between abortions and human rights. Therefore is this work complemented with the positions of selected organizations which deal with this topic in long term.
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International Organization of Journalists (1946-1995)
Ševčíková, Markéta ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The rigorous thesis: "International Organization of Journalists (1946-1995)" deals with the history, development, aims and activities of the International Organization of Journalists (hereinafter IOJ) in the period from 1946 to 1995, thus since its creation in the year 1946 to the year 1995, when the last Congress IOJ in Jordanian Amman was held. The introductory part of the text is focused on a brief resumption of three most important international journalists' organizations, which were established before the year 1946 - the International Congress of Journalists, the International Federation of Journalists and the International Federation of Journalists from Allied and Free Countries. In the second chapter are first summarized history of IOJ and described main phases of IOJ's development - these are periodizated according to IOJ's Congresses. An integral part of the description and periodization is quotation of main international and Czechoslovak political circumstances, which had a real impact on the organization. The next text is followed by IOJ's objectives, aims, activities and structure. Finally, the IOJ's main persons and the curriculum vitae of the five leaders are mentioned. The third chapter deals with the IOJ's operation in the territory of Czechoslovakia/CSFR/CR, in the period from the...
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EEC and CMEA in 1957-1973
Krejčová, Jana ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Lomíček, Jan (referee)
The relationship between the European Economic Community and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance went through a major transformation between 1957 and 1973. This thesis argues that the institutional interactions between these two organizations were a logical consequence of their internal development. Both represented a regional economic integration and despite political and ideological differences they have been forced to establish a certain level of cooperation, due to the expanding contacts between the member states. After the signing of the Treaties of Rome, which founded EEC, CMEA refused to recognize de jure the existence of the Community and condemned it as a discriminatory capitalist organization. At the same time the Council passed reforms that were supposed to link its economies and strengthen the cohesion of the Eastern bloc. By adoption of the Statute of 1959, the CMEA established its internal structure and operating principles. The first success of the EEC, the pursuit of its own reforms and the UK application motivated CMEA to revise its attitude to the EEC for the first time. The Soviet leadership tried unsuccessfully to get through a supranational leadership of the CMEA - principle they criticized in the EEC for being discriminatory. After the appointment of de Gaulle as...
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The Process of Admitting Vietnam to the ASEAN
Doležal, Vít ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Karmazin, Aleš (referee)
1 Abstract In this bachelor thesis, the topic of Vietnam's admission to ASEAN in 1995 is explored. The decision to accept Vietnam into the organization was peculiar given Vietnam's history and the reasons for the organization's creation. The essay aims to answer the question of why the ASEAN members decided to admit Vietnam. Possible reasons for the decision include mutual economic benefit, common security risks, and social or cultural issues. The thesis uses selected theories in international relations to analyze the topic through a chronological-descriptive analysis of various sources, including book sources, articles in periodicals, legislative documents of the organization, and internet sources. The introductory part of the thesis discusses the origin, reasons for formation, and organizational structure of ASEAN. Additionally, three selected theories of international relations are briefly described to examine the possible reasons for and against the admission of Vietnam into the organization. The thesis determines whether these theories are appropriate for this case. The results of this research could provide insight into the admission of other members, such as Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar, or explain why East Timor should be admitted in the future, which has unsuccessfully sought membership since its...
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International Organisation for Migration and African Union and their actions towards sustainable development in East Africa
Králová, Helena ; Tesař, Jakub (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
This thesis focuses on the African Union (AU) and the International Organisation for Migration (IOM), analysing their respective roles in implementing sustainable development in East Africa from 2015 to 2020. The essential research questions investigate how international organisations influence the process of socialisation and the acceptance of norms related to climate change, migration, and sustainable development. Furthermore, this research uses concepts of social constructivism, such as the norm cycle and socialisation, and outlines the two organisations approaches to regional actors in East Africa. In this qualitative analysis, a case-study approach is adopted to help understand how different international organisations promote norms related to the same topics in the same region. To conduct the investigation, documents published by both international organisations are examined using critical discourse analysis. The results showed that the International Organisation for Migration draws attention to the positive contribution of migration to sustainable development and the living conditions of migrants. IOM focuses on a multi-stakeholder approach in its strategy. The study suggests that the African Union emphasises the role of states perceived as the main driving force and focuses on the local...
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The impact of development aid on democracy and human rights in Haiti in the 21st century.
Procházková, Lucie ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Martinková, Viera (referee)
The Democratic Republic of Haiti occupies the western part of the island of Hispaniola, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Haiti is one of the poorest countries in the world, and despite the significant amount of development aid that flows into the country each year, the country remains in a critical state. The lack of integrity of the local government, the strengthening of criminal gangs, and the unsustainable state of the economy are just a few examples of the factors that influence this whole process. The bachelor thesis, therefore, deals with the power of development in Haiti. It describes individual's pacts and requirements of aid, the motivation of donors, or internal and external aspects that influence the applicability of aid in the country. It also looks at there as one for the failure of aid, which prevents the establishment of sustainable development in the country. In my work, I try to come up with possible solutions or steps that could move the situation t establishment of sustainable development in the country.
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Contemporary European regional organizations and their tools for conflict prevention and conflict resolution
Ruffer-Lustigová, Petra ; Ondřej, Jan (advisor) ; Šturma, Pavel (referee) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
This study seeks to explore the phenomenon of different approaches European security organizations (EU, NATO and OSCE) apply in conflict prevention and conflict management, as well as the tools they use in the framework of security governance. The purpose of exploring this issue is to understand why states tend to collaborate through international organizations, what is the role of a hegemon, in what way organizations execute delegated powers, whether the institutional design of international organizations can influence its effectivity, and last but not least, how important are shared values in the process of regional cooperation. Qualitative approach aiming at understanding the causes and their interpretation was picked out to draw relevant conclusions to be later compared with theoretical approaches of constructivism, institutionalism the hegemonic stability theory. A case study approach is used at the methodological level to explore the influence hegemon has (or precisely two hegemons) over the functions of OSCE; the role of shared values in promoting a zone of peace and stability beyond the region borders (European Neighbourhood Policy); or the ability of international institutions to independently act on behalf of member states in line with (or even against) their interests. The last subject...
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